01 项目背景Project background
近日沙井大街片区重点城市更新单元城市设计国际咨询获奖方案公布，（①评审结果丨沙井大街片区重点城市更新单元城市设计国际咨询_附各家方案）但其实在这之前本项目已经经历了两轮方案竞赛（从概念竞赛到立项，政府+市场主体+设计单位+村民全过程联动，深圳最大规模更新是如何推动的？）。2016年，由深圳市规划和国土资源委员会宝安管理局联合深圳市宝安区沙井街道办事处组织了《沙井金蚝美食文化小镇规划设计》公开咨询。国际咨询让人们进一步认识到古墟的保护价值、未来该片区的发展潜力及美好景象。但由于规划区利益主体众多，现状问题复杂，以空间优化为导向的规划设计难以让13个社区理解在这个蓝图下各自利益分配与协调方案。因此，竞赛完成后，在近两年时间内都没能取得实质性的推动。
Recently, the award-winning plan of the international consultation on the urban design of the key urban renewal plot in the Shajing Dajie area was announced. But in fact, this project has gone through two rounds before this competition. In 2016, the Shenzhen Municipal Planning and Land and Resources Commission Bao'an Administration and the Shajing Sub-district Office of Bao'an District, Shenzhen organized a public consultation on the "Shajing Golden Oyster Food Culture Town Planning and Design". International consultation has made people realize the protection value of the ancient ruins, the future development potential and beautiful scene of the area. However, due to the large number of stakeholders in the planning area and the complexity of the current situation, it is difficult for the 13 communities to understand their respective interests distribution and coordination plans under this space oriented blueprint for the planning and design. Therefore, after the competition, no substantial promotion has been achieved in the past two years.
沙井古墟航拍&图片来源于网络 Shajing & Image From Internet
2018年7月，宝安区政府重启该片区的规划。总结以往经验，这次项目组织思路打破了以目标蓝图技术方案为考量核心的传统模式，首创性地提出邀请未来可能参与到片区开发实施中的资本方、运营商、开发商在规划阶段即与规划设计单位作为联合体加入进来。提交由“空间规划方案+开发实施方案”所共同构成的综合统筹方案，并作为最终竞赛评比的成果。这种新模式下的规划成果既需要体现对地区的理解、对空间的构想，更需要包含对村民的交代及对政府的承诺。
In July 2018, the Bao’an government restarted the planning of the area. Summarizing past experience, this project want to breaks the traditional model that takes the target blueprint technical solution as the core consideration, and proposes to invite the capital parties, operators and developers who may participate in the development and implementation of the area in the future. Planning and design companies joined as a consortium. Submit a comprehensive overall plan composed of "spatial planning plan + development implementation plan" as the result of the final competition evaluation. The planning results under this new model not only need to reflect the understanding of the region and the concept of space, but also need to include the vision explanation to the villagers and the commitment to the government.
沙井大街片区地理区位图 （中观）&图片来源于网络 Shajing Dajie plot & Image From Internet
同时，为赢得竞赛各开发商进入到社区不断征询村民意见并宣讲各自规划更新的思路，在无形之中强化了村民对于更新统筹的认可和信心，更增强了参与意识与使命感。
At the same time, in order to win the competition, each developer entered the community to continuously consult villagers for their opinions and publicized their own ideas for planning and updating, which invisibly strengthened the villagers' recognition and confidence in the updating and planning, and also enhanced their sense of participation and sense of mission.
从第一次的困难重重，难以实施，到第二次确定多方联合参与，最终推动了整个片区城市迈向实施阶段。 From the first time with many difficulties to implement, to the second time to determine the joint participation of multiple parties, finally the plan was pushed the entire area of the city to the implementation stage.
PMA（都市空间）建筑设计事务所执行董事兼首席城市设计师余南雁（Nevin Yu）也于2018年带领团队联合深规院、贝尔高林国际等公司，参与了该区域的第二次城市更新竞赛。此次竞赛开始从联合开发商运营实施和村民参与的竞赛思路转变，实现多方联合规划并实施的全过程构想。
In 2018, Nevin Yu, executive director and chief urban designer of PMA (Urban Space) architectural design company, led the team to participate in the second urban renewal competition with Shenzhen Institute of Planning, Bell Gaolin International etc.. The competition began to change from the idea of joint developers' operation and implementation and villagers' participation, to realize the whole process concept of multi-party joint planning and implementation.
02 项目区位 Project location
项目位于宝安区西北部，沙井大街片区，邻近海洋新城和国际会展城 、凤凰山森林公园，项目总面积约 299 公顷 。沙井位于西部活力带和中部黄金发展带之间，西接大空港中心，东连松岗中心，占据珠江东岸的“桥头堡”地位，既是空港新城的核心腹地，又是广深港科技走廊关键节点。而宝安区十三五规划对其发展定位为： 深挖文化古镇内涵，弘扬海洋文化，打造 “工业立街、魅力蚝乡、古韵沙井” 。
The project is located in the northwest of Bao'an District, in the Shajing Street area, adjacent to Ocean New City, International Convention and Exhibition City, and Phoenix Mountain Forest Park, with a total project area of about 299 hectares. Shajing is located between the dynamic belt in the west and the golden development belt in the middle, with the airport center in the west and Songgang center in the east, occupying the position of "bridgehead" on the east bank of the Pearl River. node. The 13th Five-Year Plan for Bao'an District is positioned for its development: dig deep into the connotation of cultural ancient towns, promote marine culture, and create "industrial streets, charming oyster townships, and ancient manholes".
项目区位 Project Location
03 历史与人文 History and Humanities
沙井古墟，与东门老街、沙头角老街和观澜古墟并称为深圳“四大古墟”。墟，意为集市。这里，是知名的千年蚝乡，也曾是宋元时期的盐场。“薄宦游海乡，雅闻归靖蚝。”归靖，就是深圳沙井的古称，北宋时期，沙井人就在这里的滩涂插杆养蚝。这也是史料记载最早的人工养蚝。由蚝田而形成商贸兴盛的墟市，之后逐渐发展为茅洲河与周边河涌驿道的航运经济。但是，当工业在深圳快速发展，工业污水流入珠江渐渐污染了水质，于是工业取代蚝业，蚝业生产日渐式微，逐渐退出舞台。
Shajing Ancient Ruins, together with Dongmen Old Street, Shatoujiao Old Street and Guanlan Ancient Ruins, are known as the "Four Ancient Ruins" in Shenzhen. Xu, in Chinese meaning market. Here is the well-known Millennium Oyster Township, and it was also a salt field in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. "Bo Huan travels to Haixiang, heard Guijing oysters are famous." Guijing is the ancient name for Shajing in Shenzhen. During the Northern Song Dynasty, people in Shajing planted oysters on the beach here. This is also the earliest recorded artificial oyster farming. From the oyster fields, a prosperous market was formed, and then it gradually developed into the shipping economy of the Maozhou River and the surrounding rivers and post roads. However, when the industry developed rapidly in Shenzhen, the inflow of industrial sewage into the Pearl River gradually polluted the water quality, so the industry replaced the oyster industry, and the production of the oyster industry gradually declined, gradually withdrawing from the stage.
沙井文化 Shajing Culture
“金沙壆岗,半月古村”, 沙井古墟整体傍水而建，肌理清晰、格局完整，村落居民有序地排列在沙田和龙津河之间基本呈半月形分布。以沙井老街为主轴，旁生里巷，形成“大街-小巷”的两级交通体系和“鱼骨状”的街巷格局。
自宋以来，地域特征的文化特质深深印刻在古墟中，内部的古民居是珠江三角洲地区历史建筑的典型代表。还有很多近代国外风格的小洋楼，又形成了古墟风貌中西合璧的特点，也有着开放进取的文化姿态。蚝文化、岭南文化、海洋文化、广府文化已经渗入沙井古墟之中，而养蚝、采蚝、品蚝文化早已深入人沙井人的生活。
"Bogang as golden sand, Half moon Ancient Village", Shajing Ancient Ruins are built by the water. The texture is clear and the pattern is complete. The village residents are arranged in an orderly manner between Shatian and Longjin River in a half-moon shape. Taking Shajing Old Street as the main axis, with alleys next to it, a two-level traffic system of "street-street" and a "fishbone-shaped" street pattern are formed.
Since the Song Dynasty, the cultural characteristics of regional characteristics have been deeply imprinted in the ancient ruins, and the ancient dwellings inside are typical representatives of historical buildings in the Pearl River Delta region. There are also many small western-style buildings of modern foreign style, which have formed the characteristics of the combination of Chinese and Western styles of the ancient ruins, and also have an open and enterprising cultural attitude. Oyster culture, Lingnan culture, marine culture, and Cantonese culture have infiltrated the ancient Shajing ruins, while oyster raising, picking, and tasting have long since penetrated into the lives of people in Shajing.
鱼骨状的街巷格局 Fishbone-shaped Street Pattern
04 困境与制约 Dilemmas and Constraints
随着城市的发展，沙井古墟四周的城市已日新月异、高楼林立。整个规划片区几乎完全建成，古墟位于片区中央，周边都是已建成的村民房、工业厂房等，土地利用效能低，权属错综复杂。而古墟内仍有2处区级保护文物、7处街道级保护文物和19处历史风貌建筑，两处水系和9棵古树。
With the development of the city, the surrounding cities of Shajing Ancient Ruins have changed with each passing day, and there are many high-rise buildings. The entire planned area is almost completed. The ancient ruins are located in the center of the area, surrounded by built village houses and industrial plants. The land use efficiency is low and the ownership is complicated. In the ancient ruins, there are still 2 district-level protected cultural relics, 7 street-level protected cultural relics, 19 historical buildings, two water systems and 9 ancient trees.
古墟与城中村建筑相互交替，失去原貌，缺乏有效的保护和修缮，没有旅游业开发带来转型，古墟已变得残破不堪，失去昔日风貌，与周边城市格格不入。
整个片区慢行网络不完善，空间不足，违章乱停，交通运行受阻，内外交通不畅，内部街巷狭小、拥堵、安全隐患大。
The ancient ruins and the buildings of the urban villages alternate with each other, losing their original appearance, lacking effective protection and repair, and without the transformation of tourism development, the ancient ruins have become dilapidated, lost their former style, and are out of tune with the surrounding cities. The slow-moving network in the whole area is not perfect, there is insufficient space, illegal parking, traffic operation is blocked, internal and external traffic is not smooth, and the internal streets are narrow, congested, and hidden dangers to safety.
目前古墟中的水系水质污染严重，无人治理，而龙须沟周边分布的历史建筑、凉亭、古树和水无法联系，低品质无配套的杂乱生活环境使得人们“逃离”古墟，使得古墟沦为留守老人和流动人口的租城。
At present, the water quality is seriously polluted, and no one is taking care of it. The historical buildings, pavilions, ancient trees and water around the Longxu River cannot be connected. The low-quality and unsupported messy living environment makes people "escape" the ancient ruins, making the ancient ruins have become a rented city for the left-behind elderly and the floating population.
如何对高密度的建成区再开发？如何协调好商业旅游与居民品质生活，历史文物更新保护的关系？如何使得整个片区自主更新焕发活力？如何打造属于深圳的特色文化地标以及城市中心区更新典范？
How to redevelop high-density built-up areas? How to coordinate the relationship between commercial tourism, the quality of life of residents, and the renewal and protection of historical relics? How to make the entire area self-renew and rejuvenate? How to create a characteristic cultural landmark of Shenzhen and a model for urban renewal?
现状肌理图 Current Texture Map
内部街巷空间 Interior Street Space
05 设计与愿景 Design and Vision
城市更新策略 Urban Renovation Strategy
我们希望将古墟设计成为集文化复兴与城市更新为一体，依托人文底蕴打造城市新区。围绕古墟历史文化核营造跨越时代的历史风貌慢生活区，以此为载体，历史建筑为催化，催化城市更新的核心，建立规划架构。
We hope to design the ancient ruins as a combination of cultural revival and urban renewal, and build a new urban area based on the cultural heritage. Around the historical and cultural core of the ancient ruins, a slow-living area with historical features that spans the times is built. With this as the carrier, the historical buildings as the catalyst, the core of the catalyst for urban renewal, and the planning framework is established.
依托沙井古街半月带发展文化商业，注入文旅产业，融古汇今，带动城市发展，启动城市脉搏，还原一个深圳商业要津的原貌。
通过沙井绿脉带延续北边龙须河与多个口袋公园组成蓝绿网络，渗透城市，营造共享人居关系，形成新的开放空间格局，
项目规划形成北部商务组团、中央绿色文化休闲商业组团和南、北居住组团四组团，并严保古墟界限，控制城市边界生长蔓延。
Relying on the half-moon belt of Shajing Ancient Street to develop cultural business, inject cultural tourism industry, integrate the ancient and the present, drive the development of the city, activate the pulse of the city, and restore the original appearance of a commercial hub in Shenzhen.
Continuing the Longxu River in the north through the green vein belt of the manhole and forming a blue-green network with several pocket parks, infiltrating the city, creating a shared human settlement relationship, and forming a new open space pattern.
The project plans to form four groups: the northern business group, the central green cultural and leisure business group, and the south and north residential groups, and strictly protect the boundaries of the ancient ruins and control the growth and spread of the city boundary.
城市设计结构Urban Design Structure
城市设计总平面图 Masterplan
规划在南北两端布局地标性塔楼，在古墟内部延续历史脉络肌理的鱼骨状路网，通过主要的商业带与绿脉带连接两端，将人流从两端引入古墟。延两带布局主要的文创产业，并从“人文“与”自然“入手，展现历史古今交融、古色古香的岭南水乡景观，营造古墟内的慢生活。
It is planned to arrange landmark towers at the north and south ends, and a fishbone-shaped road network that continues the historical veins inside the ancient ruins. The two ends are connected by the main commercial belt and the green vein belt, and the flow of people is introduced into the ancient ruins from both ends. The main cultural and creative industries are laid out in two belt, and starting from "humanity" and "nature", it shows the blending of history and the modern, and the antique Lingnan water town landscape, creating a slow life in the ancient ruins.
整体鸟瞰 Birdview
06 探索与活化 Explore and Activate
历史演变 Historical Evolution
古墟历史Ancient Ruins History
沙井古墟拥有“源于海、起于盐、承于蚝、兴于市”的历史演变脉络。以蚝为核心，连接古墟中宋、元、明、清中的历史建筑，还原沙井历史脉络，打造大街历史文化绸带公园，将蚝博物馆，蚝文化展示，文旅体验等注入其中，形成历史体验游览线路。通过重塑龙须沟的水系，还原岭南建筑中的山水脉络，水乡聚落，再先沙井蚝乡小镇水乡风情画。
Shajing Ancient Ruins have a historical evolution context of "originating from the sea, from salt, from oysters, and from the city". Taking the oyster as the core, connecting the historical buildings of the ancient ruins in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, restoring the historical context of the manhole, creating a historical and cultural ribbon park on the street, and injecting the oyster museum, oyster culture display, cultural tourism experience, etc. Historical experience tour itinerary. By reshaping the water system of Longxu River, we restore the landscape context and water village settlements in the Lingnan buildings, and then start with the water town style paintings of Shajing Oyster Township.
沙井大街历史文化绸带公园 Ribbon Park
蚝文化艺术表现 Oyster Cultural and Artistic Performance
建筑活化 Building Revitalization
沙井古墟活化效果图 Shajing Renovation
规划将采用“政府规划统筹+市场主体实施”的开发模式。由文化娱乐和活力商住主导形成新的高品质产业宜居社区，通过文创产业注入与活化，将企业、工作者、原住民等留在沙井。同时，项目规划实施将从传统地产导向的城市开发模式向文化导向的城市更新模式转变；从各主体利益冲突向实现政府、企业、社会三方共赢转变；从各自割裂式发展向统筹利益平衡转变。积极带动原住民、租户等居民从边缘化角色向主动参与者转变，促进公众参与，推动地区的可持续与高品质发展。
The planning will use the development model of "government planning and overall planning + market entity implementation". A new high-quality industrial livable community led by cultural entertainment and dynamic commercial and residential properties will be formed. Through the injection and activation of cultural and creative industries, enterprises, workers, and aborigines will remain in Shajing. At the same time, the project planning and implementation will change from the traditional real estate-oriented urban development model to the cultural-oriented urban renewal model; from the conflict of interests of various subjects to the realization of a win-win situation for the government, enterprises and society; from separate development to the overall balance of interests. Actively drive the aborigines, tenants and other residents to change from marginalized roles to active participants, promote public participation, and promote sustainable and high-quality development of the region.
沙井大街 Shajing Street
沙井蚝乡小镇 Shajing Oyster Town
沙井大街古墟再生项目-整体效果图 Render
【关于Place Making Architects (PMA) 建筑设计事务所】
Place Making Architects (PMA) 是一家总部位于中国香港特别行政区的国际知名建筑设计和城市设计事务所，在业界屡获殊荣。PMA与客户紧密合作，提供尖端的设计解决方案，以应对不同规模的项目和帮助客户解决项目发展所遇到的各种问题和提供设计决策顾问服务。 PMA专注于各类型的城市设计和概念规划项目，更广泛涉猎商业、办公、医疗、酒店等方面的建筑、景观设计和室内设计项目。就如我们的名称所示，PMA旨在为城市创造精致和丰富的场所与空间。
Place Making Architects (PMA) is an award-winning architecture and urban design firm headquartered in Hong Kong SAR, China. PMA works closely with clients to provide cutting-edge design solutions to deal with projects of different scales and help customers solve various problems encountered in project development and provide design decision consulting services. PMA focuses on various types of urban design and conceptual planning projects, and is also widely involved in architecture, landscape design and interior design projects of commercial/retail, office, medical, hotel and other typologies. As our name suggests, PMA aims to create sophisticated and vibrant places and spaces for cities.
【项目信息】 Project Info
项目名称：宝安区沙井大街片区城市更新统筹研究（城市设计专题）
Project name: Bao’an Shajing Renovation Strategy Research (Urban Design Part) 项目地址：中国，广东省，深圳市，宝安区，沙井古墟
Project location: Shajing, Bao’an, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 占地面积：114公顷
Site area: 114hm 设计完成：2018年
Design complete: 2018 设计合作单位：深圳市城市规划设计研究院城市更新规划研究中心，贝尔高林国际（香港）有限公司
Cooperation Company: Urban Renewal Planning Research Center of Shenzhen Urban Planning and Design Institute, Belt Collins International (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd. PMA服务范围：城市设计+概念建筑设计
PMA Service Scope: Urban Design + Conceptual Architectural Design 首席设计师：余南雁（Nevin Yu）
Chief Designer: Nevin Yu 设计团队：张成瑛，邱雅瑜等
Design team: Chengying Zhang, Yayu Qiu, etc.
特别鸣谢： 王嘉先生、周曙光先生（深规院城市更新规划研究中心） 张文英教授（贝尔高林国际（香港）有限公司）
Special thanks:
Mr. Wang Jia, Mr. Zhou Shuguang (Shenzhen Urban Renewal Planning Research Center)
Professor Zhang Wenying (Belt Collins International (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd.)
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